






■' ' Vy .$> 

o * 4 aG 

c° s '' * ^ 

C * ^ 

^ «fo TfSL ' ^ 

^o o x 


<> ^ 

at '' : • t, "c* 

^ ,** **S 3 *'. ^ . 



0 N 0 o 

V 

A V *Vx -v 

:^%. x ' V [J / .^' % 7 


V ~ * '*&*«&* -*- ”>• <>> . 

r > _ 


, 0 >- i*“ 5 t,\'"' . v ‘ * * -o 

>- V "' ' ' * *<> A N *• 1 'A, * 

"oo x c J . ;.r-- ,^ ' <** V 





V ^ • " / 

* A A*V-/ 

"- ■'•> - v, 

•^‘ /% ^V-W* /% 

••A/ o-,,V'' 'V ^ 

c.° » r «c *<- > ,** O „«% ?} 

- v ' *•- •N ' * - „ ,.■ 



- 4 . 




o s ' ,-«'" * < 

C' •* r~T^ ' ' 

_ V -.V,, ,y 


'i * 0 


^ <V S 

^ /V s 
h ° V 

A^ ^ ° 

* V x. <-> 
r > _ * 


T 

y y A V =g; 

S-,.V*^ H«^^ V , *„ %. ' 

*> u r / 



a ft V 


N A 




0 <? v 





v 

*. V ^ S. i 4 % Jj| .. .'6' •v 

^ ,^ v *^;. ^. •% y : 

\ cV •• \WW/. L z 

„ ^ v " A V ^ o r 

^ oV ^ V - 

* (V ^ v v V A ^ 

0°^ S'SJ *'% l ,# N v k4 ‘"%^ 

0 * - --- A - v ' ^ % 



> » 

•' *’"•' v^'* ' *»/• 



, 0 V '' 


^ v 7 ^ 

// rr> 












































































NATAL STONES 


BIRTH STONES 

SENTIMENTS AND SUPERSTITIONS 
ASSOCIATED WITH PRECIOUS STONES 


GEORGE FREDERICK KUNZ 
Ph.D., Sc.D., A. M. 


TWENTY-SIXTH EDITION 


Tiffany & Co. 

JEWELERS SILVERSMITHS 

Fifth Avenue and 37th Street, New York 





& 
UJ> * 



G»cA. to.xe- 




* 

» 


4 . 


< * 












NATAL OR BIRTH STONES 


The Hebrew superstitions relating to gems were 
probably derived from Egyptian, Babylonian and 
Phoenician sources, and possibly to a small degree 
fiom the Navaratna, or nine-gem jewel of the 
Hindus. The influence of gems was believed in 
through the Middle Ages and down to the 17th 
Century. As to some of them it still persists to our 
day. 

The association of a special gem with each month 
was probably suggested by the original breastplate 
of the High Priest, which contained twelve gems, 
one for each of the tribes of Israel. The original 
breastplate was a span long and a span high: 
1 span = 8 inches. The arrangement by months 
came in vogue during the 15th and 16th centuries, 
but was first suggested in the seventh century, 
although it is attributed to the Jews, Romans, and 
early Arabians. 


AARON’S BREASTPLATE 


3 

2 

1 

Emerald 

Peridot 

Camelian 

6 

5 

4 

Onyx 

Lapis-lazuli 

Ruby 

9 

8 

7 

Quartz 

Agate 

Sapphire 

12 

11 

10 

Jasper 

Beryl 

Topaz 












6 


NATAL STONES 


This list is based upon the theory that the original 
Breastplate was lost or broken up during the 
Babylonian Captivity, and the one that was seen 
by Josephus in the Temple in Roman times was 
put together in the fifth or fourth century b.c. 
This vanished when Jerusalem was captured and 
sacked by the Sassanian Persians under Khusrau II, 
in 615 a.d. In 637 a.d., if anything remained of it, 
the jewel came into the hands of the Mohammedan 
conquerors at the fall of Ctesiphon. 

The famous Navaratna, or “nine-gem” jewel 
of the Hindus, gives the most complete expression 
to their belief in the association of gems with the 
planets and with the fate of man. In an ancient 
Hindu treatise on gems, the Navaratnapariksha, a 
magic ring composed of these nine gems is described, 
the central stone, the ruby, being surrounded by 
the eight stones associated with the cardinal points 
and having the indicated planetary affinities: 


Stone Position 

Ruby In the Centre 
Diamond To the East 
Pearl To the Southeast 
Coral To the South 
Jacinth To the Southwest 
Sapphire To the West 
Topaz To the Northeast 
Cat’s-eye To the North 
Emerald To the Northwest 


Planet 
The Sun 
Venus 
The Moon 
Mars 

The Waxing Moon 

Saturn 

Jupiter 

The Waxing Moon 
Mercury 


An echo, or a counterpart, of this nine-gem jewel 
may be seen in the Prophet Ezekiel’s description of 
the “covering” of the King of Tyre (chap. XXVIII 
13), written early in the 6th century b.c. The nine 
precious stones enumerated are: “sardius, topaz, 
diamond, beryl, onyx, jasper, sapphire, emerald and 
carbuncle.” This may be an abbreviation of the 
list of Breastplate stones or, again, it may perhaps 
be the origin of the longer list of twelve stones. 


NATAL STONES 


7 


Still another, and probably an older grouping of 
magic stones, is that given m an ancient Assyrian 
hymn concerning seven magic stones set “upon the 
shining breast of the King as an ornament. ” While 
most of the Assyrian names have not yet been inter¬ 
preted, one of them, uktid, is almost certainly the 
lapis lazuli, while another, the elm£shu, said to be 
“perfect in celestial beauty,” has been conjectured 
by Prof. Delitzsch to be the diamond. 

To precious stones was attributed in former times 
the power of protection, or at least of lending a 
charm to life, and of attracting and holding the love 
of the one on whom they are bestowed, and that of 
preserving health, or fortune, or life. 


8 


NATAL STONES 


WEDDING ANNIVERSARY GEMS 
AND METALS 

Wedding Anniversary Gems and Metals should 
be the choicest and best available, and for the first 
twelve stones we herewith use the series of twelve 
stones immortalized in the Breastplate of the High 
Priest, and now so familiar as birth stones. This 
list is historical and there is nothing conjectural 
about it. These are followed at later dates by some 
of the anniversary stones already so familiar, while 
the “Silver Wedding” (the twenty-fifth) and the 
“Gold Wedding” (the fiftieth) retain their time- 
honored places. 

Thus the first series of anniversaries are made to 
culminate with the “Diamond Wedding” (the 
fifteenth), followed five years later by the “ Platinum 
Wedding.” For the succeeding dates, which are gen¬ 
erally less observed, if we accept the twenty-fifth 
and the fiftieth, we give an occasional repetition of 
the Breastplate stone. Finally, the thirteenth anni¬ 
versary, and the multiples of thirteen are signalized 
by the list of gems supposed to give the wearer luck 
and charm. 

13 Moonstone 52 Star Ruby 

26 Star Sapphire 65 Star Sapphire 

39 Cat’s-eye 


NATAL STONES 


9 


WEDDING ANNIVERSARY GEMS 
AND METALS 


I Camelian or Garnet 

II Peridot 

III Emerald or Jade 

IV Ruby or Garnet 

V Lapis Lazuli 

VI Onyx or Sardonyx 

VII Sapphire 

VIII Agate 

IX Amethyst 

X Topaz 

XI Beryl 

XII Jasper 

XIII Moonstone 

XIV Moss Agate 

XV Diamond 


XX Platinum 

XXV Silver 

XXVI Star Sapphire 
XXX Pearl 
XXXV Coral 
XXXIX Cat’s-eye 
XL Ruby 

XLV Alexandrite 
L Gold 
LI I Star Ruby 
LV Emerald 
LX Diamond 
LXV Star Sapphire 
LXXV Diamond 


NATAL STONES—AMERICAN 


Month 

Stones 

Where Found 

Jan. 

( Garnet (Precious) 

! ( Rhodolite 

Montana, New Mexico, 
Arizona 

North Carolina 

Feb. 

j Amethyst 

North Carolina 

Georgia, Virginia 

Mch. 

Jasper 

Californite 

j California 

April 

Sapphire 

Montana, Idaho 

May 

Tourmaline 

(Green) 

Chlorastrolite 

California, Maine 

Lake Superior 

June 

Agate 

Moss Agate 

California, Montana 
Wyoming, Arizona 

July 

Turquoise 

New Mexico 

California, Arizona 

Aug. 

Golden Beryl 

California, Connecticut 
North Carolina 

Sept. 

Kunzite 

California 

Oct. 

Aquamarine 

North Carolina 

Maine, California 

Nov. 

Topaz 

Utah, California, Maine 

Dec. 

Ruby 

Rube llite 

Montana 

Califorma, Maine 


Copyright, 1909, by Tiffany & Co., N. Y. 


10 













































NATAL STONES 


11 


NATAL STONES OF VARIOUS NATIONS 
AND PERIODS 


Month 

Jews 

Romans 

635 a.d. 
Isidorus, 
Bishop of 
Seville 

Arabians 

Jan. 

Garnet 

Garnet 

Hyacinth 

Garnet 

Feb. 

Amethyst 

Amethyst 

Amethyst 

Amethyst 

Mch. 

Jasper 

Bloodstone 

Jasper 

Bloodstone 

April 

Sapphire 

Sapphire 

Sapphire 

Sapphire 

May 

Chalcedony 

Carnelian 

Agate 

Agate 

Agate 

Emerald 

June 

Emerald 

Emerald 

Emerald 

Agate 

Chalcedony 

Pearl 




























12 


NATAL STONES 


NATAL STONES OF VARIOUS NATIONS 
AND PERIODS 


Month! 

Poles 

Russians 

Italians 

18th to 20th 
Century 

Jan. 

Garnet 

Garnet 

Hyacinth 

Jacinth 

Garnet 

Hyacinth 

Garnet 

Feb. 

Amethyst 

Amethyst 

Amethyst 

Amethyst 

Hyacinth 

Pearl 

Mch. 

Bloodstone 

Jasper 

Jasper 

Jasper 

Bloodstone 

April 

Diamond 

SapDhiie 

Sapphire 

Diamond 

Sapphire 

May 

Emerald 

Emerald 

Agate 

Emerald 

Agate 

June 

Agate 

Chalcedony 

Chalcedony! EmeraId 

Cats-Eye 

Emerald 

Turquoise 

Agate 



































NATAL STONES 


13 


NATAL STONES OF VARIOUS NATIONS 
AND PERIODS 


Month 

Jews 

Romans 

63s a.d. 
Isidorus, 
Bishop of 
Seville 

Arabians 

July 

Onyx 

Onyx 

Onyx 

Camelian 

Aug. 

Camelian 

Camelian 

Camelian 

Sardonyx 

Sept. 

Chrysolite 

Sardonyx 

Chrysolite 

Chrysolite 

Oct. 

Aquamarine 

Beryl 

Aquamarine 

Beryl 

Aquamarine 

Beryl 

Aquamarine 

Beryl 

Nov. 

Topaz 

Topaz 

Topaz 

Topaz 

Dec. 

Ruby 

Ruby 

Ruby 

Ruby 



























14 


NATAL STONES 


NATAL STONES OF VARIOUS NATIONS 
AND PERIODS 


Month 

Poles 

Russians 

Italians 

18th to 20th 
Century 

July 

Ruby 

Ruby 

Sardonyx 

Onyx 

Turquoise 

Onyx 

Ruby 

Aug. 

Sardonyx 

Alexandrite 

Carnelian 

Sardonyx 

Carnelian 

Moonstone 

Topaz 

Sept. 

Sardonyx 

Chrysolite 

Chrysolite 

Beryl 

Chrysolite 

Oct. 

Aquamarine 

Beryl 

Beryl 

Beryl 

Aqua¬ 

marine 

Beryl 

Pearl 

Opal 

Nov. 

Topaz 

Topaz 

Topaz 

Topaz 

Pearl 

Opal 

Dec. 

Turquoise 

Turquoise 

Chrysoprase 

Ruby 

Ruby 

Bloodstone 

























NATAL STONES 


15 


SENTIMENTS ASSOCIATED WITH 
STONES 

As the supposedly magical influence of the Twelve 
Natal Gems is based upon the cycle of the Zodiac, 
their sphere of action does not absolutely coincide 
with the months, but in each case embraces part of 
two successive months. Thus the Garnet, the gem of 
January and of Aquarius, definitely applies to those 
bom between January 20 and February 19; the 
Amethyst that of February and Piscis covers the 
period from February 20 to March 10, etc. Thus 
corrected, the exact spheres of influence are as 
follows: 

I Garnet (Aquarius) Jan, 20 to Feb. 19 

II Amethyst (Pisces) Feb. 20 to March 20 

III Jasper, Bloodstone (Aries) Mar. 21 to April 19 

IV Diamond, Sapphire (Taurus) April 20 to May 19 

V Emerald (Gemini) May 20 to June 20 

VI Agate (Cancer) June 21 to July 20 

VII Turquoise (Leo) July 21 to Aug. 21 

VIII Camelian (Virgo) Aug. 22 to Sept. 22 

IX Chrysolite (Libra) Sept. 23 to Oct. 22 

X Beryl (Scorpio) Oct. 23 to Nov. 22 

XI Topaz (Sagittarius) Nov. 23 to Dec. 20 

XII Ruby (Capricomus) Dec. 21 to Jan. 19 


16 


NATAL STONES 


SENTIMENTS ASSOCIATED WITH 
STONES 


Agate .Health, Wealth and Longevity. 

Alexandrite .. .Undying Devotion. 

Amethyst .Deep Love. Prevents Intoxica¬ 

tion. 

Beryl .Happiness and Everlasting Youth. 

Bloodstone ... .Courage and Wisdom. 

Cornelian .Prevents Misfortune. 

Cat's-eye .Warns of Danger and Troubles. 

Chalcedony _Disperses Melancholy. 

Chrysolite .Gladdens the Heart. 

Chrysoprase. .. Eloquence. 

Diamond .Purity. Preserves Peace. Pre¬ 

vents Storms. 

Emerald .Immortality. Conquers Sin and 

Trial. 

Garnet .Insures Power, Grace and Victory 

to the Wearer. 

Hyacinth .Gives Second Sight. 

Jacinth .Modesty. 

Jade .Good Fortune. 

Jasper .Courage and Wisdom. 

Moonstone _(Sacred Stone of the Orient.) Good 

Luck. 

Onyx .Conjugal Felicity. 

Opal .Hope, Innocence, Purity. 

Pearl .Purity and Innocence. 

Ruby .Charity, Dignity and Divine Power. 

Sapphire .Constancy, Truth and Virtue. 

Sardonyx .Conjugal Felicity. Prevents Mis¬ 

fortune. 

Topaz .Friendship and Fidelity. 

Turquoise .Prosperty. Soul-cheerer. 






















NATAL STONES 


17 


SENTIMENTS OF THE MONTHS 

JANUARY 


Natal Stone .Garnet. 

Guardian A ngel .Gabriel. 

His Talismanic Gem.. .......Onyx. 

Special Apostle .Simon Peter. 

Zodiacal Sign .Aquarius. 

Flower .Snowdrop. 


No gems save garnets should be worn 
By her who in this month is born; 
They will insure her constancy. 

True friendship and fidelity. 

The gleaming garnet holds within its sway 
Faith, constancy and truth to one alway. 


FEBRUARY 


Natal Stone .Amethyst. 

Guardian Angel .Barchiel. 

His Talismanic Gem .Jasper. 

Special A postle .Andrew. 

Zodiacal Sign .Pisces. 

Flower .Primrose. 


The February-born may find 
Sincerity and peace of mind. 

Freedom from passion and from care. 

If she an amethyst will wear. 

Let her an amethyst but cherish well, 

And strife and care ran never with her dwelt 














18 


NATAL STONES 


MARCH 

Natal Stones .Jasper, Bloodstone. 

Guardian Angel .Malchediel. 


His Talismanic Gem , 
Special A postles .. . 

Zodiacal Sign . 

Flower . 


Ruby. 

James and John. 
Aries. 

Ipomoea, Violet. 


Who on this world of ours her eyes 
In March first opens may be wise, 

In days of peril firm and brave, 
Wears she a bloodstone to her grave. 


Who wears a jasper, be life short or long, 

Will meet all dangers, brave and wise and strong. 


APRIL 


Natal Stones .Diamond, Sapphire. 

Guardian Angel ..Ashmodei. 


His Talismanic Gem .Topaz. 

Special Apostle .Philip. 

Zodiacal Sign .Taurus. 

Flower .Daisy. 


She who from April dates her years 
Diamonds should wear, lest bitter tears 
For vain repentance flow. This stone 
Emblem of innocence is known. 

Innocence, repentance—sun and shower-• 

The diamond or the sapphire is her dower. 














NATAL STONES 


19 


MAY 


Natal Stone .Emerald. 

Guardian Angel .Amriel. 


His Talismanic Gem , 
Special Apostle .... 

Zodiacal Sign . 

Flower . 


Carbuncle. 

, Bartholomew. 
. Gemini. 

, Hawthorn. 


Who first beholds the light of day 
In spring’s sweet, flow'ry month of May, 
And wears an emerald all her life, 

Shall be a loved and happy wife. 

No happier wife and mother in the land 
Than she with emerald shining on her hand. 


JUNE 


Natal Stone .Agate. 

Guardian Angel .Muriel. 


His Talismanic Gem .Emerald. 

Special Apostle .Thomas. 

Zodiacal Sign .Cancer. 

Flower .Honeysuckle. 


Who comes with summer to this earth, 

And owes to June her hour of birth, 

With ring of agate on her hand 

Can health, long life and wealth command. 

Thro’ the moss-agate’s charm, the happy years 
Ne’er see June’s golden sunshine turn to tears. 














20 


NATAL STONES 


JULY 


Natal Stone .Turquoise. 

Guardian A ngel .Verchiel. 

His Talismanic Gem .Sapphire. 

Special Apostle .Matthew. 

Zodiacal Sign .Leo. 

Flower .W ater-lily. 


The heav’n-blue turquoise should adorn 
All those who in July are bom; 

For thus they’ll be exempt and free 
From love’s doubts and anxiety. 

No other gem than turquoise on her breast 
Can to the loving, doubting heart bring rest. 


AUGUST 

Natal Stone .Carnelian. 

Guardian Angel .Hamatiel. 


His Talismanic Gem , 
Special Apostle .... 

Zodiacal Sign . 

Flower . 


Diamond. 

James, the son of 
Alpheus. 

Virgo. 

Poppy. 


Wear a carnelian or for thee 
No conjugal felicity; 

The August-bom without this stone, 
*Tis said, must live unloved, alone. 


She, loving once and always, wears, if wise 
Carnelian—and her home is paradise. 














NATAL STONES 


21 


SEPTEMBER 

Natal Stone .Chrysolite. 

Guardian Angel ...Tsuriel. 

His Talismanic Gem .Jacinth. 

Special Apostle .Lebbeus Thaddeue. 

Zodiacal Sign .Libra. 

Flower .Morning-glory. 


A maid born when September leaves 
Are rustling in the autumn breeze, 

A chrysolite on brow should bind — 
'Twill cure diseases of the mind. 

If chrysolite upon her brow is laid, 

Follies and dark delusions flee afraid. 


OCTOBER 

Natal Stone .Beryl. 

Guardian Angel .Bariel. 

His Talismanic Gem .Agate. 

Special Apostle .Simon. (Zelotes.) 

Zodiacal Sign .Scorpio. 

Flower .Hops. 

October’s child is bora for woe, 

And life’s vicissitudes must know; 

But lay a beryl on her breast. 

And Hope will lull those woes to rest. 


When fair October to her brings the beryl. 
No longer need she fear misfortune’s peril. 














22 


NATAL STONES 


NOVEMBER 

Natal Stone .Topaz. 

Guardian Angel .Adnachiel. 


His Talismanic Gem .Amethyst. 

Special Apostle .Matthias. 

Zodiacal Sign .Sagittarius. 

Flower .Chrysanthemum. 

Who first comes to this world below 
With drear November’s fog and snow 

Should prize the topaz’ amber hue- 

Emblem of friends and lovers true. 


Firm friendship is November’s, and she bears 
True love beneath the topaz that she wears. 


DECEMBER 


Natal Stone .Ruby. 

Guardian Angel .Humiel. 

His Talismanic Gem ..Beryl. 

Special Apostle .Paul. 

Zodiacal Sign .Capricomua, 

Flower .Holly. 


If cold December give you birth— 

The month of snow and ice and mirth— 
Place on your hand a ruby true; 

Success will bless whate’er you do. 


December gives her fortune, love and fame 
If amulet of rubies bear her name. 














NATAL STONES 


23 


ACROSTICS FORMED WITH STONES 

In France and England, during the 18th cen¬ 
tury, rings, bracelets, brooches, etc., were often 
set with gems the first letters of which, combined, 
formed a motto or expressed a sentiment. The 
following is a list of those that may be used in 
this way. The gems in the first column are the 
more expensive ones, those in the second column 
the inexpensive ones. 


FAITH 


Fire-opal. 

Alexandrite. 

Iolite. 

Tourmaline. 

Hyacinth. 


Feldspar. 

Amethyst. 

Idocrase. 

Topaz. 

Heliotrope, 


HOPE 


Hyacinth. 

Opal. 

Pearl. 

Emerald. 


Hematite. 

Olivine. 

Pyrope. 

Essonite. 


CHARITY 


Cat’s-eye. 

Hyacinth. 

Aquamarine. 

Ruby. 

Iolite. 

Tourmaline. 
Yellow sapphire. 


Carbuncle. 

Hematite. 

Amethyst. 

Rose quartz. 

Idocrase. 

Topaz. 

Yu (Jade). 






24 


NATAL STONES 


GOOD LUCK 


Golden beryl. 
Opal. 

Olivine. 

Diamond. 

Lapis-lazuli. 
Uralian emerald. 
Cat’s-eye. 
Kyanite. 


Fire-opal. 

Opal. 

Ruby. 

Emerald. 

Vermeille. 

Essonite. 

Rubellite. 


Ruby. 

Emerald. 

Garnet. 

Alexandrite. 

Ruby. 

Diamond. 


Garnet. 

Onyx. 

Obsidian. 

Dendrite. 

Labradorite. 
Unio pearl. 
Camelian. 
Krokydolite. 


Fleches d’amour. 

Onyx. 

Rutile. 

Essonite. 

Verd antique. 
Epidote. 

Rose quartz. 


Rubellite. 

Essonite. 

Garnet. 

Amethyst. 

Rock-crystal. 

Demantoid. 


FOREVER 


REGARD 





NATAL STONES 


25 


DEAREST 


Diamond. 

Emerald. 

Alexandrite. 

Ruby. 

Essonite. 

Sapphire. 

Turquoise. 


Demantoid. 

Essonite. 

Amethyst. 

Rubellite. 

Epidote. 

Spinel. 

Topaz. 


SOUVENIR 


Sapphire. 

Opal. 

TJralian emerald. 
Vermeille. 
Emerald. 
Nephrite. 

Iohte. 

Ruby. 


Sunstone. 

Onyx. 

Utalilite. 

Verd antique. 

Epidote. 

Nephrite. 

Inaicolite. 

Rock-crystal. 


j BONHEUR 

1 - 


Beryl. 

Opal. 

Nephrite. 

Hyacinth. 

Emerald. 

Uralian emerald. 
Ruby. 


Bloodstone. 

Onyx. 

Nephrite. 

Hematite, 

Essonite. 

Utahlite. 

Rhodonite. 







26 


NATAL STONES 


AMITIE 


Alexandrite. 

Moonstone. 

Indicolite. 

Tourmaline. 

Idocrase 

Emerald. 


Almandine. 

Moonstone. 

Indicolite. 

Topaz 

Idocrase. 

Essonite. 


LOVE ME 


Lapis-lazuli. 

Opal. 

Vermeille. 

Emerald. 

Moonstone. 

Essonite. 


Labrador spar. 
Onyx. 

Verd antique. 
Essonite. 

Moonstone. 

Epidote. 


A El 


Greek, meaning “forever,’’ “eternity.” 


Alexandrite. 

Emerald. 

Indicolite. 


Almandine, 

Essonite. 

Idocrase. 





NATAL STONES 


27 


ZE5 


Greek, meaning “Mayest thou live.” 


Zircon. 

Emerald. 

Sapphire. 


Zonochlorite. 

Essonite. 

Sard. 


MIZPAH 


Moonstone. 

Indicolite. 

Zircon. 

Peridot. 

Asteria. 

Hyacinth. 


Moldavite. 

Idocrase. 

Zonochlorite. 

Pyrope. 

Aquamarine. 

Hematite. 


FRIENDSHIP 


Filches d’amour. 
Ruby. 

Indicolite. 

Emerald. 

Nephrite. 

Diamond. 

Sapphire. 

Hyacinth. 

Iolite. 

Pearl. 


Feldspar. 

Rock crystal 

Idocrase. 

Epidote. 

Nicolo. 

Diopside. 

Sard. 

Hematite. 

Idocrase. 

Pyrite. 





28 


NATAL STONES 


STATE STONES 


Precious, semi-precious or gem stones are 

found in nearly all the United States. The most 

important are enumerated below: 

Alabama .Beryl, blue and yellow; smoky 

quartz. 

Arizona .Agatized wood, azur-malachite, 

turquoise, garnet, peridot. 

Arkansas .Rock crystal, smoky quartz, 

agate, novaculite. 

California .Agate, benitoite, californite, dia¬ 

mond, gold quartz, tourma¬ 
line, abalone pearl, chryso- 
prase, kunzite, morganite. 

Colorado .Beryl, aquamarine, phenacite, 

garnet, amethyst, agate, gold 
quartz, pyrite. 

Connecticut .Beryl, yellow and green; rose 

quartz; tourmaline. 

Delaware .Pearl. 

Florida .Chalcedony, conch pearl. 

Georgia .Ruby, beryl, amethyst, gold 

quartz, garnet. 

Idaho .Opal, agate, obsidian. 

Illinois .Fluorite, pearl. 

Indiana .Pearl. 

Iowa .Fossil coral, pearl, chalcedony. 

Kansas .Chalcedony. 

Kentucky .Pearl. 


















NATAL STONES 


29 


Louisiana .Chalcedony. 

Maryland .Beryl, clam-pearl. 

Massachusetts . . . Beryl. 

Maine .Tourmaline, beryl, rose quartz, 

pearl, topaz, amazonite, 
smoky quartz, rock crystal. 

Michigan .Agate, hematite. 

Minnesota . Chlorastrolite, thomson- 

ite, agate. 

Mississippi .Pearl, chalcedony. 

Missouri .Pearl, fluorite, pyrite. 

Montana .Sapphire, beryl, smoky quartz, 

agate, amethyst, agatized 
wood, obsidian. 

Nebraska .Chalcedony, pearl. 

Nevada .Gold quartz, rock crystal. 

New Hampshire . Beryl, rock crystal, garnet. 

New Jersey .Fowlerite, willemite, prehnite, 

smoky quartz, agate, pearl. 

New Mexico .Turquoise, garnet, obsidian, 

peridot, rock crystal. 

New York .Beryl, brown tourmaline, rose 

quartz, fresh-water pearl, 
clam-pearl, chondrodite. 

North Carolina.. Aquamarine, beryl, emerald, 
almandite garnet, rhodolite, 
pyrope garnet, diamond, cy- 
anite, hiddenite, amethyst, 
ruby, sapphire, smoky quartz, 
rock crystal, rutile. 

North Dakota _Chalcedony, agate. 

Ohio .Fossil coral, chalcedony. 

Oklahoma .Obsidian, pearl, smoky quartz. 

















30 


NATAL STONES 


Oregon .Agate, obsidian, hydrolite. 

Pennsylvania. .. .Amethyst, beryl, sunstone, 

moonstone, amazonite, alman- 
dite garnet, pyrope garnet, 
rutile. 

Rhode Island.. . . Hornblende in quartz, ame¬ 
thyst, rock crystal. 

South Carolina .. Beryl, smoky quartz, rock crys¬ 
tal. 

South Dakota _Quartzite, beryl, agate. 

Tennessee .Pearl. 

Texas .Beryl, pearl. 

Utah .Topaz, garnet. 

Vermont .Beryl, pearl. 

Virginia .Amethysts, spessartite, garnet, 

beryl, moonstone, staurolite, 
allanite. 

Washington .Pearl, agate. 

West Virginia.. . Rock crystal. 

Wisconsin .Agate, pearl. 

Wyoming .Moss-agate, agate. 











NATAL STONES 


31 


PRECIOUS AND SEMI-PRE¬ 
CIOUS STONES 


UNMOUNTED STONES AND NOT¬ 
ABLE COLLECTIONS 

Tiffany & Co’s, unequalled connections in many 
different countries and their facilities for securing 
the choicest gems from first hands, enable them to 
maintain the most comprehensive stock and to 
offer patrons many other advantages not obtain¬ 
able elsewhere. 

Tiffany & Co. are in a position to recut gems for 
matching chipped or poorly cut diamonds or other 
gems, and also to cut or recut any precious stone or 
gem directly from the rough; to engrave crests, 
monograms or other devices on sapphires, alexan- 
drites, topaz, bloodstone, sard or other stones for 
seals or signet rings, or to execute, to special order, 
cases, vases, or other objects of rock crystal, jade 
and other hard stones. 

The vigilant scrutiny constantly employed ab¬ 
solutely guards against the admission of any inferior 
stones to their stock. 

Some collections of veritable antique intaglios 
and scarabaei engraved on sards, camelians, chal¬ 
cedonies, bloodstones, garnets, or other gems, all 
obtained from either well-known collectors or 
authorities. 



32 


NATAL STONES 


The gems of the birth-month are frequently- 
mounted into rings, charms, and other devices, 
with the zodiacal signs wrought into the settings, 
also the flower of the month, the guardian angel, etc. 

Collections: 

The following are among the notable collections 
of precious and semi-precious stones prepared by 
Tiffany & Co. for International Expositions. 

1915 San Francisco, California, Mines and 
Mining Building, Panama-Pacific Exposition col¬ 
lection of gems and precious stones. Grand Prize. 

1907 Jamestown Exposition Collection, Gold 
Medal. 

1905 Portland, Oregon, Exposition collection, 
awarded two gold medals. 

1904 St. Louis Exposition collection. Grand 
Prize. 

1902 Turin Exposition collection, Hors Concours, 
awarded special diploma of merit. 

1901 Buffalo Exposition collection, awarded gold 
medal, presented by the late J. Pierpont Morgan, 
Esq., to the Museum d’Histoire Naturelle, Jardin 
des Plantes, Paris. 

1900 Paris Exposition collection, awarded the 
Grand Prix, and was presented by the late J. Pier¬ 
pont Morgan, Esq., to the American Museum of 
Natural History, New York. 


NATAL STONES 


33 


1895 Atlanta Exposition collection, presented by 
Dr. L. T. Chamberlain to the United States National 
Museum, Washington. 

1894 Special collection, purchased by the Mid¬ 
winter Fair Memorial Museum of San Francisco. 

1893 Chicago Exposition collection received sev¬ 
eral special awards, and was purchased by the 
“Field Columbian Museum,” Chicago. 

1889 Paris Exposition collection awarded two 
gold medals and one silver medal, was presented by 
the late J. Pierpont Morgan, Esq., to the American 
Museum of Natural History, New York. 

1878 Paris Exposition collection, awarded the 
Grand Prix. 

1847 Paris Exposition, awarded a gold medal. 


34 


NATAL STONES 


UNMOUNTED STONES 

Tiffany & Co.’s stock of unmounted stones 
includes the following: 

Phenomenal Gems 

Chrysoberyl Cat’s-eye, Alexandrite 
Cat’s-eye, Alexandrite, Ruby and Sap¬ 
phire Asteria, Moonstone— with light blue 
and white chatoyancy. 

Alexandrite 

Leaf or olive green by natural or day-light, 
and columbine or raspberry red by artificial 
light, from Ceylon and Takawaja, Asiatic 
Russia. 

Amethyst 

Rich royal purple, from the Ural Mountains 
and Auvergne, France. Red by artificial 
light, from the Ural Mountains, Fine purple 
from Brazil, South America, Nortu Carolina, 
and Virginia. 

Aquamarine 

Deep blue, from Brazil; green and blue, from 
Connecticut, the Ural Mountains, Siberia, 
and North Carolina; light blue and light 
green, from California and Maine. 

Asteria 

Light blue, blue, purple, light red, and ruby 
red, from Ceylon and Burma. 

Azur-Malachite 

Blue and green mixture. Arizona. 


NATAL STONES 


35 


Benitoite 

Blue, from California. 

Beryl 

Light blue and green, from Maine, North 
Carolina, Connecticut, Colorado, Brazil, and 
Siberia. Deep blue, from California, North 
Carolina and Brazil. Yellow, Ural Mountains, 
and Siberia. Rose (Morganite), Madagascar 
• and California. 

Californite 

California. 

Chlorastrolite 

From Isle Royal, Lake Superior. 

Chrysoberyl 

Light yellow, golden yellow, yellow brown, 
yellowish green, sage green, green, olive 
green, from Brazil and Ceylon. 

Chrysoberyl Cat’s-eye 

Light yellow, yellow, yellowish brown, and 
green, from Brazil and Ceylon. Also Alex¬ 
andrite Cat’s-eyes, green by day and red by 
night, from Ceylon. 

Chrysocolla 

Sky blue, Arizona. 

Diamond 

From India, Brazil, and South Africa. 
White, steel blue, rose colored, lemon and 
orange, yeilow, cinnamon, light green, brown 
black, and a large assortment of rare and 


36 


NATAL STONES 


curious tints, from which material for a neck¬ 
lace, brooch, ring, or other jewel can be selected. 

Emerald 

Rich velvet and grass-green, from the United 
States of Colombia. Light green from Taka- 
waja, Asiatic Russia, and New South Wales. 

Essonite 

Or Hyacinths , from Ceylon. 

Garnet 

Rich red, almost ruby red, from Arizona, New 
Mexico, and South Africa. Purple and alman- 
dine, from India and Bohemia. Pale purple, 
rhodolite, North Carolina. Honey yellow (esson¬ 
ite or hyacinth variety), from Ceylon. Honey 
brown, reddish brown (spessartite variety), 
from Virginia. Green (demantoid variety), 
rich, vivid green, green, yellow green, from the 
Ural Mountains. 

Jade 

Under this name two entirely distinct mineral 
substances are used in the arts. 

Jadeite Imperial Jade when rich green has a 
hardness of 7 and a specific gravity of 3.1 to 
3.3. Its structure is more crystalline than that 
of Nephrite. It is a silicate of alumina. The 
color varies greatly—sometimes intensely white 
with splashes or spots of the richest emerald 
green, and, again, lavender-colored spots are 
associated with the green. The mineral is 
found principally at Bhamo, Burma, and was 
also known in ancient Mexico. The intense 
spots are green cut for necklace or ring 
stones; sometimes, however, a field of white 


NATAL STONES 


37 


is left around them so as to cast them in relief. 
These latter pieces are cut into pendants, beads, 
for necklaces, and a great variety of other 
ornaments. 

Jade or Nephrite is 6.5 in hardness, and is one 
of the toughest minerals known. It is a silicate 
of magnesia with a schistose and often a felt¬ 
like structure. It has a specific gravity of 
about 2.9; occurs in various shades of green, 
also white, and can be highly polished. This 
mineral is often found in large pieces. A 
waterwom boulder found in western New 
Zealand weighs 7,500 lbs. It was purchased 
by Tiffany & Co., and is now in possession of 
the American Museum of Natural History, 
which also has a polished mass of Jade (Neph¬ 
rite) weighing 4,710 lbs., discovered at Jordans- 
muhl, Siberia, by the author, April 20, 1899. 
Nephrite is also found in Siberia and Alaska. 
It is cut into vases, cigarette cases, cigar boxes, 
candlesticks, portrait frames, and other art 
objects; also slabs a quarter of an inch in 
thickness, three feet in length and two feet 
in width. The rich green color and trans- 
lucency of the mineral make it very appro¬ 
priate for art objects. 

Tiffany & Co. are prepared to make art ob¬ 
jects of any size from these minerals. 

Kunzite 

Rich lilac, pink, and rose, from near Pala, 
California and Madagascar. 

Morganite Variety of Beryl 

Rich rose, red, from Madagascar and California. 

Moss Agate 

From Wyoming, India, and Brazil. 


38 


NATAL STONES 


Opal 

Precious variety from the State of Washington, 
Oregon, Idaho, Queensland, New South Wales, 
and Hungary. Fire opal, limpid and deep red, 
from Mexico. Black opal with rich flashes of 
red, green, blue, and purple, from Lightning 
Ridge, Australia. 

Pearl 

From Ceylon, Persian Gulf, Western Austra¬ 
lia, and Sulu Archipelago. Oriental pearls of 
exceptional size and beauty. Black and gray 
pearls from the Lower California coast. Pink 
or conch pearls from Florida and the West 
Indies. White, pink, brown, purple, and other 
colored pearls from the fresh-water brooks of 
Ohio, Indiana, Tennessee, Texas, Kentucky and 
Wisconsin rivers. Purple and black pearls from 
the common clam of Long Island Sound and 
the Atlantic coast. Green or iridescent pearls 
from the abalones or earshells of the California 
coast, Japan and Korea. 

Peridot 

(Olivine and Chrysolite.) Rich olive green, 
from Egypt. Small olive green, yellow green, 
from Arizona and New Mexico. 

Phenacite 

From Takawaja, Asiatic Russia, and Colorado 
and Maine. 

Rhodolite (see Garnet) 

Rhodonite 

Rich flesh red, from the Ural Mountains, and 
Cummington, Mass. 


NATAL STONES 


39 


Rock Crystal 

From North Carolina and California; Mada¬ 
gascar, Brazil, and Japan, in pieces large enough 
to cut into jewel caskets, bonbonni&res, vinai¬ 
grettes, hand mirrors, clockcases and other 
small objects of art; also perfect spheres from 
one inch to six inches in diameter. 

Ruby 

Pigeon's-blood red, from Burma. Light red, 
with tint of purple, from Ceylon and North 
Carolina. Dark beef-blood red, from Siam, 
and light red, from the Ural Mountains. 

Rutilated Quartz 

From Alexander County, North Carolina and 
Switzerland. 

Rutile 

From North Carolina. 

Sapphire 

Cornflower blue, dark velvet blue (bleu de roi), 
from Ceylon. Light blue, peacock blue, from 
Burma and Siam. Green, lemon and straw 
yellow, salmon-colored pink, heliotrope purple, 
white and other colors, from Ceylon, Burma, 
Siam, Montana, and the Ural Mountains. 

Spinel 

Ruby red, flame red, yellowish red, pink, purple, 
blue, blue green, and green in a variety of tints, 
from Ceylon, Siam, and Burma. 

Topaz 

Wine yellow, pink, white, and sherry colored, 
from Brazil. Salmon colored, light blue, light 
green, white, from Colorado and the Ural 
Mountains. 


NATAL STONES 


40 

Tourmaline 

Light green, olive green, grass-green, dark 
green, from Maine, California, and Brazil. 
Blue (indicolite), from Maine and Brazil. Red, 
pink (rubellite), from California, Maine, Brazil, 
and the Ural Mountains. Brown, from Ceylon 
and Carinthia. White (achroite), from Brazil 
and Maine. 

Turquoise 

Sky blue, from Persia. Fine sky blue and 
robin’s-egg blue, from New Mexico. 

Utahlite 

Golden green, often banded with yellow, from 
Utah. 

Zircon 

Yellow, honey yellow, yellow green, light green, 
brownish green, blue, yellow brown, brown, 
white, cinnamon, from Ceylon and Australia. 


260 - 6 - 23 — 62,760 






4 

























\ V“ 

> .0 
' ^ ^ v * 

© V v J / A - : ■ ; ^s» _ ^ , v - -. 

; '&% *A ; w- : **% 

'A .. - V..W V 

l "* °- / ,# * 



A\> . v ’; 8 ♦ 



S:; 'vf- ..V' 

' 'P > * - A» A ]%v, ^ ' f u, 

','% V° ^ °/ifjH : ^ 

><C “ 






W 




. x * 0 * 


o v 


\ v o' 


rt' t- *4. 

* * 


B&j^ (" 2 PB|§' ”' v ' HRP 2 

®SK* v% « 

« * * s * v o « X \VJ < / AA S S \ * 

S O 0 ' ,#/ 

AgMk; Deacidified using the BooW 
Neutralizing agent: Magnes 

J V A V, ^ Treatment Date: May 2015 

, 1 % . A , ,. ; A - PreservationTeci 

A WORLD LEADER IN COLLECTlOf 

LTO ; \p. A’ or rfUSS A, r o 'K<J. c 111 Thomson Park t 

': 1 <-T' * naw^W /; V 1 Cranberry Township, 





S3 











V ». ’ " f 

' ,> w ' 









o o - -, — 

y ’ x ',% >'> ^ ^ ' ,■ ' * 

V X 

v V 

** - / Cl- * 4 - ^ -Ij \ ^ ** " 

. V 

X) 

/ ^ * *, V *? V' +. ^ 

O 0 x 

£4 : s, u . ; > V: V l 






r S '+ * 9 * 

v x 

<$’ s * 


J. 0 °<. 






\V '/> 

.M* 

■>- V 




H U 

o 

°/ 


O 0 x 
































































